What domain-specific visualizations should I learn?

Explanation

Different fields rely on specific visual techniques to uncover insights and communicate results effectively. Understanding these domain-specific visuals can greatly enhance the relevance and impact of your analysis.

  • 🧬 Bioinformatics
    • Heatmaps – Visualize gene expression or microbial abundance across conditions
    • PCA plots – Reduce dimensionality and reveal clustering or separation
    • Volcano plots – Identify statistically significant features in differential analysis
  • 🏥 Medical & Health Sciences
    • Kaplan-Meier curves – Model and visualize survival over time
    • ROC curves – Evaluate the performance of binary classifiers
    • Forest plots – Summarize effect sizes across multiple studies (meta-analysis)
  • 🌍 Environmental & Climate Science
    • Time series plots – Track variables like temperature, rainfall, or CO₂ levels over time
    • Spatial maps – Show geographic distributions (e.g., heatmaps, choropleths)
    • Ridge plots – Compare distributions across regions, time, or climate zones
  • 📈 Business & Finance
    • Candlestick charts – Represent stock price movements with open-high-low-close patterns
    • Funnel charts – Visualize conversion steps in sales or user journeys
    • Treemaps – Show proportional relationships in portfolios or business metrics
  • 🎓 Education & Survey Research
    • Likert scale bar plots – Summarize responses to attitudinal questions
    • Grouped bar charts – Compare metrics by demographic, school, or region
    • Word clouds – Visualize the most frequent terms in open-text responses

These visuals are not just aesthetic — they are communication tools tailored to the data patterns and questions common in each field.